![]() When a gas becomes a liquid, it is called condensation. When a liquid becomes a gas, it is called evaporation. When a gas becomes a solid, it is called desublimation. When a solid becomes a gas, it is called sublimation. When a liquid becomes a solid, it is called freezing. ![]() When a solid becomes a liquid, it is called melting. Scientists have created graphs called phase change diagrams to show the relationship between pressure, temperature, and phase of many substances. Substances often become liquid in between solid and gas, but when the pressure is very low (such as the vacuum of outer space) many substances skip the liquid phase, going directly from solid to gas or vice versa. Substances usually become a gas at warm temperatures and/or low pressures, become a solid at cool temperatures, and become a The most common ones are temperature and pressure. Phases of matter can be changed by a number of things. Both stars and the interstellar medium are mostly made of plasma. Plasma is the most common state of matter in the universe. ![]() ![]() Then an electric current is able to flow through the plasma, making the lightning. However, in a bolt of lightning, the atoms in air get so much energy that they no longer can hold on to their electrons, and become a plasma for a brief time. For example, air is not good at conducting electricity. The atomic ions and free electrons mix around like a hot soup.īecause the positive and negative charged particles are not stuck together, plasma is a good conductor of electricity. Plasmas are gases that have so much energy that electrons of an atom cannot stay in orbit around one atomic nucleus.
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